The Biochemistry’ and its Scope and How its deal with proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids roal of prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells

 

The term ‘Biochemistry’.  and How  Biomolecules deals with it .

What is the roal of carbohydrates proteins, fats and nucleic acids, the major biopolymers includes DNA, RNA, proteins, polysaccharides and lipids and how its play an important roal in Biochemistry let's see it point to point .

 The term biochemistry has originated from the word ‘bios’ Which means life and the ‘chemistry’.

Biochemistry is the branch of science, which deals with the study of chemistry of living matter in Its different phases of activity.

The subject encompasses  with the followings points lets clarify the topic in a point   maner so we will get this topic in very easily.

 

(1) A study of the relationship of living organism to their environment.

 

(2) The process by which exchange of chemical substance takes place between the living organism and its environment through Digestion, absorption and excretion. 

 

(3) The processes by which the absorbed materials are utilized by synthetic reactions anabolism leading to growth and Replenishment of tissue and multiplication of cell and the species. 

 

(4) The metabolic breakdown of the materials catabolism to Supply energy for all the above.

 

(5) The mechanism, which regulate with precision all these Processes by means of hormonal and neuroregulatory stimuli.

 

 

Do you know what is Biochemistry? What is its scope and How its deal with proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids .

What is the roal of prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

 Discuss the the topic in a very clarify maner so we get it in details

 Biochemistry deals with the nature and working in living system of the biomolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids etc. The understanding of the dynamic changes of cellular systems and the corresponding need of nutrients is wll comprehended through biochemical studies. Most of the metabolic pathways are common in all biological system. The minor differences in the metabolism of prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells are very well exploited for the use of drugs against pathogens. Even abnormalities onullf metabolism can be corrected by dietary  

Modification or genetic manipulation. In this way, the knowledge of Biochemistry is used to control diseases, abnormal metabolism, and treatment of deficiencies. Biochemistry also deals with the study  of biomolecules and biochemical methods. Now a days, Biochemistry has become the language of medicine, its principle and experimental methods underpin all the basic of drug action, drug synthesis, and prevention of diseases. The boundaries between biochemistry and applied sciences such as pharmaceutical sciences, medicine , agriculture sciences, have almost disappeared.

 

As above we understand about Biochemistry also we study that how its deals with the study  of biomolecules and biochemical methods  so now lets discuss What are Biomolecules ?

The living cell is composed of few elements that combine to form a great variety of molecules. C, H, O and N are the major elements of most biomolecules. Calcium plays a major role in countless biological processes and potassium, sulphur, sodium chlorine, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc, manganese and iodine having diverse role. The major biomolecules includes carbohydrates proteins, fats and nucleic acids, the major biopolymers includes DNA, RNA, proteins, polysaccharides and lipids.

As we know that  “cell” the basic unit of biology’.

Lets discuss about it . What is cell and all about DNA and RNA?

 

Cell: The cell is the basic unit of biology. Cellular details have been possible due to increasing use of electron microscopy. Introduction of methods permitting disruption of cells under mild condition and high speed refrigerated ultracentrifuge.

The basic unit of cells includes DNA, RNA, Proteins, Polysaccharides and Lipids.

1.       DNA: (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) It is the principle Genetic Material which occurs in the chromosomes of the nucleus. Building block is deoxyribo nucleotides.

2.    RNA : (Ribo Nucleic Acid) It is made up of ribo-nucleotide units and functions as template and messenger for protein synthesis.  

RNA

             Proteins: It is made up of amino acids and has numerous Activity. i.n. enzymatic, hormonal, structural, transporting visual

5.         Polysaccharids : Glycogen ,starch , etc . Basic unit are  glucose, functions as storage form of energy.

6.       Lipids: Basic units are fatty acids; functions as membrane components and long term storage of energy as triacylglycerol.

 Chemical composition of a human

Fats	13.8 %
Proteins.	17 %
Carbohydrates.	1.5 %
Water.	61.6 %
Minerals.	61 %.